UK CV rules: length, photo, references and more

5 minute read · Updated 30 October 2026

CV customs vary between countries. A CV that is normal in the US or Germany can look odd to a UK employer. These are the short answers to the questions students ask most often.

How long should my CV be?

For a student or school leaver, one page is ideal. Two pages is the most you should ever need, even as a graduate. If you are going over, cut repeated points and shorten your personal statement.

Should I include a photo?

In the UK, photos are optional and usually left off. Many employers prefer CVs without photos because it helps them avoid unfair bias. Some roles where appearance is part of the job, such as acting or modelling, are exceptions. If you do add one, use a clear, friendly head-and-shoulders photo with a plain background. Free CV Builder lets you switch your photo on or off at any time.

What personal details should I include?

• Include: your full name, phone number, a sensible email address and your town or city.
• Optional: your full address, a LinkedIn profile or a portfolio link.
• Leave off: your date of birth, age, nationality, marital status, religion and National Insurance number. Employers do not need these at the CV stage.

What should I write for references?

"References available on request" is completely normal. Make sure you have one or two people ready, such as a teacher, tutor, volunteer coordinator or previous manager. Always ask them first before giving out their details.

In what order should the sections go?

A common order for students is:

1. Name and contact details
2. Personal statement
3. Education
4. Experience
5. Skills
6. Achievements and interests
7. References

Once you have more work experience, you can move experience above education.

Which file format should I send?

Send a PDF unless the employer asks for something else. A PDF looks the same on every device. Free CV Builder creates a text-based PDF, which means job websites can read the words on it, not just see a picture.

One column or two?

Many big employers use software to read CVs before a person sees them. Single-column layouts are the easiest for this software to read. Two-column designs look great when you hand in a printed CV or email a small business, but a single-column style is the safer choice for online applications.

Should I lie or exaggerate?

No. Employers may check grades and references, and anything you write can come up in an interview. Present yourself in the best honest light instead.